Сomplex of Jesuit collegium in Polotsk

The Jesuit Collegium Complex in Polotsk is one of the most significant historical and architectural monuments of Belarus, preserving the spirit of intellectual life and cultural development of the region. This place attracts both history enthusiasts and art lovers: one of its buildings today hosts the largest art gallery in the country, showcasing archaeological finds, icons, portrait painting, as well as works by masters such as Salvator Rosa and Szymon Czechowicz. The complex is included in popular excursions in Belarus, and also features in routes where you can book a tour with a visit from Minsk and other cities.

History

The Jesuit Collegium was founded in 1580 by the order of King Stefan Batory, with the famous preacher Peter Skarga becoming its first rector. The collegium quickly became an educational and spiritual center of Polotsk. After the first partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the city's inclusion into the Russian Empire, the collegium continued its activity with the support of Catherine II. In the 18th century, the collegium housed a printing house, a library, a pharmacy, and even a cloth factory. A key moment in the institution's history was its transformation in 1812 into the Polotsk Jesuit Academy — the first higher educational institution on the territory of modern Belarus. The academy existed until 1820, when the Jesuit order was abolished in the Empire.

Architecture

The buildings of the complex, constructed in the Baroque and Classical styles, form a coherent architectural composition. The main building was erected on an island in the Western Dvina River, and since the 18th century, not only educational buildings but also utility structures such as a bakery, barns, a coach house, and a pharmacy have been preserved. Today, the eastern building stands out, transformed into an art gallery. The interiors successfully combine the restoration of historical details with modern museum solutions. One of the most unusual exhibits is the talking mechanical head — an 18th-century reconstruction that evokes genuine interest from visitors.

Excursions

The Jesuit Collegium complex in Polotsk is an important stop for those who choose excursions in Belarus. It is included in the routes of city sightseeing tours, as well as thematic programs dedicated to the spiritual and academic history of the country. You can book a tour with a visit to the art gallery, the icon collection, and rare archaeology.
The portal Ekskursii.by offers organized routes to Polotsk from Minsk and other cities in the country. Tourists, in addition to the collegium complex, will be able to see the outstanding attractions of Polotsk: the Saint Sophia Cathedral — a symbol of spirituality and architectural grandeur, the Spaso-Euphrosinia Monastery with the relics of Saint Euphrosinia of Polotsk, the monument to the letter "Ў" — a unique symbol of the Belarusian language, as well as many ancient buildings, monuments, and museums. This is an ideal choice for those who want to better understand the cultural and spiritual heritage of Belarus.