Hillfort of Myadel

Myadel Hillfort is an important archaeological monument located on one of the islands of Lake Myadel, which is situated in the north of the Myadel district. In ancient times, this place served as a natural fortress, protected by water and fortifications, allowing residents to defend themselves reliably from enemies. Archaeological research has confirmed that a well-developed defensive system existed here, including ramparts, moats, and wooden walls. Today, Myadel Hillfort attracts tourists and researchers eager to learn more about the medieval history of Belarus. This unique site can be visited as part of tours across Belarus, including excursions from Minsk.

History of Creation

Settlements in the area of present-day Myadel appeared as early as the 10th-13th centuries. At that time, people chose locations near the lake, as it provided food and also served as a natural barrier against attacks. The main fortified point became the hillfort on Castle Island—the largest of the three islands located in the lake.

The hillfort had an oval shape, measuring 52 × 70 m, and was surrounded by a moat up to 5 m deep and 20 m high. Additional protection was provided by an earthen rampart up to 5 m high, reinforced with large stones. It was built on the side of the island closest to the shore, enhancing the settlement’s defenses. On the lake-facing side, no rampart was constructed, as the natural water barrier was sufficient.

At the top of the rampart, wooden walls were erected, preventing enemy penetration and protecting the settlement from arrows. All the main structures, including residential buildings and utility premises, were located behind these walls and were made of wood.

Besides the hillfort itself, there was also an unfortified settlement—a village—located at the foot of the fortifications. It covered an area of 1.5 hectares. Wooden houses and utility buildings were also present here, but without any defensive structures.

Current State

Today, Myadel Hillfort is a valuable archaeological site, but its research remains incomplete. In 1981, only 20 m² of the hillfort and 20 m² of the village area were excavated.

The cultural layer reaches a depth of 2.43 m and consists of three horizons:

• Upper layer – gray in color, contains small stones, clay plaster, charcoal, and bones of birds, fish, and animals.
• Middle layer – consists of whitish and red clay, with humus-rich gray clay below.
• Lower layer – black in color, includes artifacts from the 10th-13th centuries.

During excavations, traces of three major fires from the 12th-15th centuries were discovered, which destroyed the wooden fortifications. Archaeologists found charred remains of structures, indicating repeated attacks on the settlement.

Despite its historical significance, the hillfort remains only partially explored, making it an attractive site for further study and tourism.

Excursions with a Tour of the Hillfort

Myadel Hillfort is part of tour routes across Belarus and is of great interest to history and archaeology enthusiasts. This site can be visited as part of an excursion from Minsk, which includes a trip to Lake Myadel, an introduction to the ancient settlement, and an exploration of medieval defensive structures.

During the excursion, tourists will learn about the defense strategies of the ancient town, see the preserved fortifications, and imagine how people lived here centuries ago. Additionally, thanks to the picturesque landscapes of Lake Myadel, the tour offers unforgettable impressions.

Book an excursion with a tour of the hillfort on our website. This is a great opportunity to immerse yourself in history, learn more about medieval life in the Myadel district, and see one of the oldest fortresses in the country.